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Cannabis (drug)
Cannabis, also known as marijuana〔See article on ''Marijuana'' as a word.〕 and by numerous other names, is a preparation of the ''Cannabis'' plant intended for use as a psychoactive drug or medicine. The main psychoactive part of cannabis is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC); it is one of 483 known compounds in the plant, including at least 84 other cannabinoids, such as cannabidiol (CBD), cannabinol (CBN), and tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV).
Cannabis is often consumed for its mental and physical effects, such as heightened mood, relaxation,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Marijuana intoxication: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia )〕 and an increase in appetite.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Marijuana: Factsheets: Appetite )〕 Possible side effects include a decrease in short-term memory, dry mouth, impaired motor skills, red eyes,〔 and feelings of paranoia or anxiety. Onset of effects is within minutes when smoked and about 30 minutes when eaten.〔 They last for between two and six hours.
Cannabis is mostly used recreationally or as a medicinal drug. It may also be used as part of religious or spiritual rites. In 2013, between 128 and 232 million people used cannabis (2.7% to 4.9% of the global population between the ages of 15 and 65). In 2015, about half of the people in the United States have tried marijuana, 12% have used it in the past year, and 7.3% have used it in the past month. Usage has increased since 2013.〔http://www.gallup.com/poll/184298/four-americans-say-tried-marijuana.aspx?utm_source=Well-Being&utm_medium=newsfeed&utm_campaign=tiles〕
The earliest recorded uses date from the 3rd millennium BC. Since the early 20th century, cannabis has been subject to legal restrictions, with the possession, use, and sale of cannabis preparations containing psychoactive cannabinoids currently illegal in most countries of the world; the United Nations deems it the most-used illicit drug in the world.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Cannabis: Legal Status )〕 Medical cannabis refers to the physician-recommended use of cannabis, which is taking place in Canada, Belgium, Australia, the Netherlands, Spain, and 23 U.S. states.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://medicalmarijuana.procon.org/view.resource.php?resourceID=000881 )〕 Cannabis use, as well as support for legalization, has been increasing in the United States in recent years.
==Uses==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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